The inner cell MASS of blastocyst is able to proliferate unlimitedly in vitro and remain as undifferentiated cell population. If these cells occulated in vivo to mouse tissue or transferred to blastocyst, they can be induced to differentiate to derivatives of three germ layers and subsequently to teratoma or chimeric animals respectively. The modification of procedures of colony harvesting from inner cell MASS was the aim of this study. In this study 118 embryos transferred to inactivated rat embryonic fibroblastic feeder layer (REF) and DMEM media containing Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF). Two days later the embryos underwent outgrowth stage, and inner cell MASS was removed from the dishes by trypsinization or mechanical methods (disaggregated stage) and then were transferred to dishes contained inactivated REF layer or dishes coated with collagen. The cell were cultured were checked for the formation of cell colonies every day for four days. The dishes with the positive colony were passaged in every 2 to 3 day and subcultured up to the sixth passages. The cell colonies were evaluated for morphological and speed of cell doubling criteria. Only 3 colonies were obtained from 30 disaggregated cell MASS by mechanical method REF feeder layer. It seems that the mechanical method of disaggregation may damage the cells less than the trypsinization method and will increase the chance of cell colony formation.

This paper proposes a 2.4 GHz active mixer without passive inductor for the transceiver system. Taking into account the design requirements of the mixer, a double-balanced down-conversion structure with active inductor and negative resistance is designed. The proposed mixer with 130 nm CMOS technology is designed and simulated using Cadence software at 1.5 V supply voltage. Although we had to compromise conversion gain with linearity, we were able to achieve very high conversion gain with average linearity. Based on the results of post-layout simulations, the conversion gain of 27.57 dB, IIP3 equal to -7.88 dBm, 1-dB compression point equal to -17.34 dBm and IIP2 equal to 44.22 dBm with power consumption of 2.5 mW was obtained for the proposed mixer. The chip size without input and output pads is 95.18 µm × 117.68 µm, which leads to a chip area of 0.0112mm2.

Vertical MASS ISOLATION (VMI) method is used for the seismic control of structures. In this method, the entire structure is a combination of two MASS and stiffness subsystems with an isolator layer located in-between. This method mainly uses the principle of periodic shift as a solution to reduce the seismic responses of the structure. In this method, the majority part of the structure MASS is concentrated in the MASS subsystem. However, this subsystem constitutes a small percentage of the stiffness of the main structure. Unlike the MASS subsystem, the stiffness subsystem constitutes a small percentage of structural MASS and a large percentage is structural stiffness. This ISOLATION method makes the MASS subsystem behave like a soft structure and move away from the resonance zone. The important point is the seismic control of the MASS subsystem, which will be supplied by its connection with the stiffness subsystem provided by the interface dampers. The main difference between the VMI method and coupled structures methods is that the main structure is divided into two isolated structures with two completely different behaviors in this method. One of them has a soft behavior and the other has a hard behavior. However in the coupled structure methods, the control of the two main structures is done by each other and observing soft or stiffness behavior in these two structures is not required. A magnetorheological (MR) damper is used as the isolator layer to control the structure. The model used for these dampers is based on the modified Bouc-Wen model proposed by Spencer et al. in 1997. The clipped-optimal procedure that is one of the most beneficial algorithms is applied to control the MR damper. Passive-off and semi-active control techniques are applied to control the MR damper based on the applied controlling voltage. The maximum voltage that is applied to the MR damper, is equal to 9 V. A third control technique named Copt, which is based on the optimal damping, is used to compare with MR damper results. To evaluate the performance of the proposed control system, a wide range of structures with low to high floors are considered. To do this, structures with heights equal to 27, 54, 108 and 162 meters were selected. Using approximate fundamental period based on ASCE-7, the periods of structures are 0. 5, 1. 0, 2. 0 and 3. 0 seconds, respectively. Since all models are SDOF and linear elastic analysis is applied, the structural MASS is considered equal for all models (M=100 ton), but the stiffness of models is calculated based on their MASS and periods. The damping ratio for non-isolated structure is considered to be 0. 05. The results indicate the proper performance of the semi-active method in reducing the responses of the isolated structures compared to the nonisolated structures. This method decreases, on average, the top floor displacement of MASS-subsystem by 6%. However, the Copt method decreases it by 21% and the passive-off method increases it by 8%. The semi-active method decreases, on average, the top floor acceleration of MASS-subsystem by 13% and 50%, less than the Copt and the passive-off methods, respectively. The findings demonstrated that the semi-active control method based on a maximum voltage of 9 V will reduce, on average, the maximum base shear of isolated structures by 30% compared with nonisolated structures. The parametric approach based on the Nekooei relation (Copt) that is applied as a passive control device had acceptable results for controlling the acceleration and base shear of the structure. This method led to the absolute acceleration of top floor and the base shear of structures to decrease by 53~68% compared to the uncontrolled structure. However, the efficiency of Copt method to reduce the top floor displacement is less than the maximum base shear of the structure.

MASS ISOLATION is a method of structural vibration control against environmental loads such as strong earthquakes. Buildings with local ISOLATION systems are a practical method of MASS ISOLATION. These buildings can be non-proportionally damped systems. Available methods for dynamic analysis of these buildings are complex and time-consuming. In this paper, the concept and efficiency of these buildings at seismic response reduction is examined. A simple method for their dynamic analysis is introduced. Proof of the accuracy of the method is also presented.

Studies were conducted to determine a disease outbreak in 14 day old post-larvae of abalone (Haliotis diversicolor supertexta) which caused MASS mortality in July 2010 in Shanwei, China. Twenty-nine bacterial strains were isolated from a sample pool of 10 diseased post-larval abalones on 2216E marine agar plates during a natural outbreak of the disease. Among them, a dominant isolate (referred to as strain 21) was found to be highly virulent to post-larvae in experimental challenge tests, with an LD50 value of 1.0 ×104 colony forming units (CFU) mL-1 on day 3. API 20NE kits and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, identified strain 21 as Oceanomonas doudoroffii. It was susceptible to 10 and moderately susceptible to 1 of the 16 antibiotics examined when antibiotic sensitivities of the bacterium were assayed. Results of this study implicated Oceanomonas doudoroffii strain 21 as a cause of mortalities in post-larval abalone from Shanwei, China.

This study was conducted to determine a disease outbreak in 14 day old post-larvae of abalone (Haliotis diversicolor supertexta) which caused MASS mortality in July 2010 in Shanwei, China. Twenty-nine bacterial strains were isolated from a sample pool of 10 diseased post-larval abalones on 2216E marine agar plates during a natural outbreak of the disease. Among them, a dominant isolate (referred to as strain 21) was found to be highly virulent to post-larvae in experimental challenge tests, with an LD50 value of 1.0 ×104 colony forming units (CFU) mL-1 on day 3. API 20NE kits and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, identified strain 21 as Oceanomonas doudoroffii. It was susceptible to 10 and moderately susceptible to 1 of the 16 antibiotics examined when antibiotic sensitivities of the bacterium were assayed. Results of this study implicated Oceanomonas doudoroffii strain 21 as a cause of mortalities in post-larval abalone from Shanwei, China.